Can you develop autism in later life?
Have you ever felt like social situations drain you more than others, or that you’ve always been “different” without knowing why? Many adults share this experience and later discover they are autistic.
Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition, meaning it begins in early childhood, but it’s very common that many people don’t receive a diagnosis until adulthood. This often happens because their traits were misunderstood, masked or dismissed when they were younger.
If you’ve struggled with communication, found comfort in routines or felt overwhelmed in noisy or unpredictable environments, you may be among the growing number of adults seeking clarity through an autism assessment.
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Can adults develop autism?
No, adults do not suddenly develop autism later in life. Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that begins in early brain development, usually before the age of three. What can happen, however, is that many people reach adulthood without a diagnosis. Traits may be subtle, misunderstood or masked to fit into social norms, especially in environments where neurodiversity is not well recognised.
Major life changes, increased stress or burnout can make autistic traits more noticeable. Transitions like starting a new job, becoming a parent or facing emotional exhaustion may prompt someone to seek an adult autism assessment.
Signs of autism in adults
While every autistic person is different, common signs in adulthood may include:
- Difficulty with social interaction or small talk
- Sensory sensitivities such as noise, light or textures
- A strong need for routine and predictability
- Intense focus on specific interests
- Feeling overwhelmed in busy or unfamiliar environments
- Challenges with change or transitions
- Emotional exhaustion from masking or performing socially
Why some people are diagnosed with autism as adults
In the UK, autism is significantly underdiagnosed among older adults. Data from 2018 showed that just 1 in 6,000 adults over 50 had a diagnosis compared to 1 in 34 children. This contrast points to a lost generation of autistic individuals, particularly women, who have gone undiagnosed.
Common reasons for late diagnosis include:
- Masking behaviours: Many autistic people learn to hide their traits to avoid standing out, especially in school or social settings.
- Gender differences: Girls and women are often diagnosed later due to subtler traits and outdated diagnostic criteria.
- Cultural and systemic barriers: Lack of awareness, stigma or limited access to assessments can delay diagnosis.
- Misdiagnosis: Some individuals are first diagnosed with anxiety, depression or ADHD before autism is considered.
Benefits of a late autism diagnosis
Receiving an autism diagnosis later in life can be transformative. It helps people make sense of their experiences, access support and connect with others who share similar traits.
Key benefits include:
- Self-understanding: Many adults feel relief in knowing there’s a reason behind their challenges.
- Access to support: Diagnosis can unlock workplace accommodations, therapy and community resources.
- Improved mental health: Understanding autism can reduce anxiety, depression and feelings of isolation.
- Better relationships: Knowing your communication style and sensory needs can improve personal and professional connections.
“We know autistic people often need additional help and support throughout their lives to support them with their mental health and ensure they’re living happy lives. Having the right help and support could be a real key factor in ensuring that they’re living happy lives. Having the right help and support could be real key factor in ensuring that they’re ageing well and I think that everyone is entitled to have the best life that they can.”
Dr Gavin Stewart, Research Fellow, King’s College London
The hidden cost of not getting a diagnosis
It’s estimated that up to 90% of autistic adults in middle and later life may remain undiagnosed, which can affect their wellbeing and limit access to support.
Not receiving an autism diagnosis can have a lasting impact. Many people with autism develop coping strategies to mask their traits, suppressing natural behaviours, mimicking social norms and hiding sensory sensitivities. While masking can help people navigate daily life, it often comes at a high emotional cost.
Over time, masking can lead to mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, burnout and a loss of self-identity. Without a diagnosis, individuals may struggle to access the support they need and are more likely to be misunderstood or misdiagnosed, especially women and marginalised groups whose traits don’t align with traditional diagnostic criteria.
Socially, undiagnosed autistic adults may feel isolated or disconnected, sensing they are different without understanding why. A diagnosis can offer clarity, validation and a foundation for self-acceptance. Without it, many continue to face unnecessary challenges that affect their quality of life.
How to get an autism assessment as an adult
There are two main routes to getting assessed:
- NHS assessment: Funded by the NHS but often involves long waiting times and limited flexibility
- Private assessment: Faster access, more choice and tailored support, often available without a GP referral
At Xyla, we offer virtual private autism assessments led by experienced clinicians who follow national guidelines. We also provide personalised guidance after diagnosis, helping support you take the next steps in building the life you want.
Ready to take the next step?
A late autism diagnosis can be life-changing, offering understanding, access to support and a chance to live more authentically. If the signs of autism resonate with you or someone you care about, seeking an assessment could be the first step toward clarity and confidence.
At Xyla, we make the process simple and supportive:
- No GP referral needed – start when you’re ready
- Virtual private assessments with experienced clinicians
- Clear, personalised guidance after diagnosis
- Flexible payment options to make care accessible
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